Learn How to Write a Business Report With Expert Writers

Learn How to Write a Business Report With Expert Writers How to Write a Business Report Not every individual is aware of how to write a business report. Such type of reports is considered to be more complex than a letter written on a business matter. However, if you want to achieve a positive result, creating a good business report will not be a problem for you. What Is a Business Report? Business report writing refers to the analysis of a particular situation or a certain business aspect. For instance, current trend in business, current situation in a particular country, financial statement, or any business data useful for creation of recommendations and strategies that will help in improving business. In addition, any business report may offer evaluation of solutions to certain problems faced by the organization. It can also describe some practices and theories that can be applied in order to improve companys overall performance. Ways of Writing an Effective and Informative Business Report Regardless of industry type, business report plays a crucial role since it helps companies to make correct business decisions. Taking into account the importance of business report, it is crucial to make sure the report is concise, clear and informative at the same time. You should know that there is no wrong or correct information when it comes to business report writing. Your main task is to provide objective information and make sure it is clear for the potential reader. The blow tips will help you understand how to make a business report. If you take these tips into account, your report will definitely be successful. Clarify with the customer what he/she needs. This step is of utmost importance. It does not matter who the customer is, you need to make sure that every party talks about the same matter in terms of expectations and end results. When you start determining this issue, you should think about final report. What particular issues should be covered in business report? What recommendations should be offered? What information will be provided in the report? What the customer is trying to find? Find out what type of business report is needed for the customer This matter should be clarified with the customer as well since it is very important. Remember that there are a lot different kinds of business reports. It means that you should ask your customer what type of report he/she wants so that you could use the correct report structure. For instance, some customers want a business letter, business plan, strategic plan, financial plan, or plan on corporate information. You should find out the type of report prior to writing it. You should conduct the detailed research work As soon as you know everything what the customer needs to be included in the report, you should start the initial research work. This step may include reading materials provided by the customer or making a list of questions and conducting interviews with the targeted audience. It will depend on a particular report objective. Of course, the Internet can help you make the research process much easier, but please make sure you use up-to-date and reliable sources of information. Create the table of contents In order to develop an informative and logical business report, it is recommended to create a table of contents first. Many expert writers use this technique. Of course you can create your table of contents before you start writing the report or during the process of writing. Table of contents is more than just a draft. You should think about it carefully and divide the information in a logical and easy to understand manner. This process is a bit time consuming but believe it or not it will make the report writing faster and easier. Try to imagine the final report and write down the content. This tip is really useful. Remember that table of contents serves you as a guide on what should be written in your report. NOTA BENE: In case you have an external customer who ordered a business report, it will be better to show the table of contents to him/her and ask for its approval. It helps the customer to understand whether he/she wants this information to be present in the report. As soon as the customer sends his/her approval of the table of contents, you can start writing the report and be sure that no other changes will be required by the customer on a final writing stage. Conduct additional research work Right after you decide what the table of contents should include, you will see if you need to conduct additional research work. In case additional information should be collected, you should do it before you begin writing the report. It helps not to interrupt the process of report writing because you will have everything you need at hand. Make the skeleton of your future report Making a skeleton of your report is quite easy when you work with MS Word. Prior to writing anything, copy the headings included in your table of contents and paste them on a separate page in the same orders as they appear on the contents page. Leave the blank space between the headings and then using the MS Word generate an automatic table of contents. After the skeleton is done, you can start filling in the space between the headings. Write business reports by filling in the space between the headings Yes, that is how simple it is. As soon as you have done the skeleton of your future report, the writing process resembles filling in the blank space. All you have to do is to moving from the beginning to the final heading. Do it sequentially and follow the logical order. If you have done all the preparations correctly, the report writing process will not be painful at all. We hope that now you know how to write a business report and it does not seem to you a difficult and time-consuming task anymore. If you follow the basic rules of business report writing, everything will become easy and fun. In case you still have some hesitations, you can look for professional report writing help online. Real professional writers will show you how to write a business report and impress your potential readers.

Charki - The Original Jerky Method of Preserving Meat

Ch'arki - The Original Jerky Method of Preserving Meat The word jerky, referring to a dried, salted and pounded form of all kinds of animal meat, has its origins in the South American Andes, perhaps about the same time as the llama and alpaca were domesticated. Jerky is from charki, a Quechua word for a specific type of dried and deboned camelid (alpaca and llama) meat, perhaps produced by South American cultures for some eight or so thousands of years. Jerky is one of a multitude of meat preservation techniques which were no doubt used by historic and prehistoric peoples, and like many of them, it is a technique for which archaeological evidence must be supplemented by ethnographic studies. Benefits of Jerky Jerky is a form of meat preservation in which fresh meat is dried to prevent it from spoiling. The principal purpose and outcome of the process of drying meat is to reduce water content, which inhibits microbial growth, decreases overall bulk and weight, and causes a proportionate increase in salt, protein, ash and fat content by weight. Salted and fully dried jerky can have an effective shelf life of at least 3-4 months, but under the right conditions can be much longer. The dried product can have over twice the caloric yield of fresh meat, based on weight. For example, the ratio of fresh meat to charki varies between 2:1 and 4:1 by weight, but the protein and nutritive value remain  equivalent. Preserved jerky can be later rehydrated through prolonged water soaking, and in South America, charki is most commonly consumed as reconstituted chips or small pieces in soups and stews. Easily transportable, nutritious and boasting a prolonged shelf life: no wonder charki was an important pre-Columbian Andian subsistence resource. A luxury food to the Incas, charki was made available to the common folk as during ceremonial occasions and military service. Charki was demanded as a tax, and deposited in was used as a form of tax to be deposited in state storehouses along the Inca road system to provision imperial armies. Making Charki Pinning down when charki was first made is tricky. Archaeologists have used historical and ethnographic sources to discover how charki was made, and from that developed a theory about what archaeological remains can be expected from that process. The earliest written record we have comes from the Spanish friar and conquistador Bernabà © Cobo. Writing in 1653, Cobo wrote that Peruvian people prepared charki by cutting it into slices, putting the slices on ice for a time and then pounding it thin. More recent information from modern day butchers in Cuzco support this method. They make strips of deboned meat of uniform thickness, no more than 5 mm (1 inch), to control the consistency and timing of the drying process. These strips are exposed to the elements in high altitudes during the driest and coldest months between May and August. There the strips are hung on lines, specially constructed poles, or simply placed on rooftops to keep them out of reach of scavenging animals. After between 4-5 (or as many as 25 days, recipes vary), the strips are removed from the are pounded between two stones to make them thinner still. Charki is made by different methods in different parts of South America: for example, in Bolivia, what is called charki is dried meat with fragments of foot and skulls left, and in the Ayucucho region, meat simply dried on the bone is called charki. Meat dried at higher elevations can be done with cold temperatures alone; meat dried at lower elevations is done by smoking or salting. Identifying Meat Preservation The primary way that archaeologists identify the likelihood of some form of meat preservation having occurred is by the schlep effect: identifying meat butchering and processing areas by the types of bones left in each type of spot. The schlep effect argues that, especially for larger animals, it is not efficient to lug around the entire animal, but instead, you would butcher the animal at or near the point of kill and take the meat-bearing parts back to camp. The Andean highlands gives an excellent example of that. From ethnographic studies, traditional camelid butchers in Peru slaughtered animals near the pastures high in the Andes, then divided the animal into seven or eight parts. The head and lower limbs were discarded at the slaughter site, and the major meat-bearing portions were then moved to a lower elevation production site where they were further broken down. Finally, the processed meat was brought into market. Since the traditional method of processing charki required that it be done at relatively high elevations during the dry part of the winters, theoretically an archaeologist could identify butchering sites by finding an over-representation of head and distal limb bones, and identify processing site by an over-representation of proximal limb bones at lower-elevation (but not too lower) processing sites. Two problems exist with that (as with traditional schlep effect). First, identifying body parts after the bones have been processed is difficult because bones which are exposed to weathering and animal scavenging are difficult to identify the  body part with confidence. Stahl (1999) among others addressed that by examining bone densities in different bones in the skeleton and applying them to tiny fragments left at sites, but his results were varied. Secondly, even if bone preservation was ideal, you could really only say youve identified butchering patterns, and not necessarily how the meat was processed. Bottom Line: How Old is Jerky? Nevertheless, it would be foolhardy to argue that the meat from animals slaughtered in cold climates and transported to warmer climates was not preserved for the trip in some manner. No doubt some form of jerky was made at least at the time of camelid domestication and perhaps before. The real story might be that all weve traced here is the origins of the word jerky, and making jerky (or pemmican or kavurmeh or some other form of preserved meat) by freezing, salting, smoking or some other method might well have been a skill developed by complex hunter-gatherers everywhere some 12,000 or better years ago. Sources This glossary entry is a part of the About.com guide to the Ancient Foods, and the Dictionary of Archaeology. Miller GR, and Burger RL. 2000. Charki at Chavin: Ethnographic Models and Archaeological Data. American Antiquity 65(3):573-576. Madrigal TC, and Holt JZ. 2002. White Tailed Deer Meat and Marrow Return Rates and Their Application to Eastern Woodlands Archaeology. American Antiquity 67(4):745-759. Marshall F, and Pilgram T. 1991. Meat versus within-bone nutrients: Another look at the meaning of body part representation in archaeological sites. Journal of Archaeological Science 18(2):149-163. Speth, John D. D. The Paleoanthropology and Archaeology of Big-Game Hunting: Protein, Fat, or Politics? Interdisciplinary Contributions to Archaeology, 2010 edition, Springer, July 24, 2012. Stahl PW. 1999. Structural density of domesticated South American camelid skeletal elements and the archaeological investigation of prehistoric Andean Charki. Journal of Archaeological Science 26:1347-1368.